diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 9087f6c..32325bb 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -23,8 +23,6 @@ project(${APP_NAME}
     LANGUAGES C
 )
 
-option(BUILD_TESTING "Build tests" OFF)
-
 add_executable(${APP_NAME}
     ${SOURCE_DIR}/backend/output_utils.c
     ${SOURCE_DIR}/backend/x11/backend.c
@@ -99,8 +97,3 @@ configure_file("${SOURCE_DIR}/app.h.in"
     ESCAPE_QUOTES
     @ONLY
 )
-
-if(BUILD_TESTING)
-    enable_testing()
-    add_subdirectory(tests)
-endif()
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index f6ef8b7..e96934a 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -39,18 +39,8 @@ build: prepare
 	@cmake --build $(BUILD_DIR)
 	@cp -lf $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET_NAME) $(TARGET)
 
-build-test:
-	cmake -S $(SRC_DIR) -B $(BUILD_DIR) -DBUILD_TESTING=ON
-	cmake --build $(BUILD_DIR)
-
-test: build-test
-	ctest --test-dir $(BUILD_DIR)
-
-test-detail: build-test
-	ctest --test-dir $(BUILD_DIR) --rerun-failed --output-on-failure
-
 install-hooks:
 	chmod +x $(MAKEFILE_DIR).githooks/pre-commit
 	git -C $(MAKEFILE_DIR) config core.hooksPath $(MAKEFILE_DIR).githooks
 
-.PHONY: clean run wm prepare build install uninstall reinstall test install-hooks
+.PHONY: clean run wm prepare build install uninstall reinstall install-hooks
diff --git a/build-utils/atoms-extern.sh b/build-utils/atoms-extern.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index daf42c7..0000000
--- a/build-utils/atoms-extern.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-echo "/* This file is autogenerated by $0 - do not edit */"
-echo
-echo "#include <xcb/xproto.h>"
-echo
-
-while read atom
-do
-    # 去掉首位空格
-    atom_clean=$(echo "$atom" | sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//;s/[[:space:]]$//')
-
-    # 跳过空行
-    if [[ -n "$atom_clean" ]]; then
-        echo "extern xcb_atom_t ${atom_clean};"
-    fi
-done < "$1"
diff --git a/build-utils/atoms-intern.sh b/build-utils/atoms-intern.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 2b2811d..0000000
--- a/build-utils/atoms-intern.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/bash
-
-echo "/* This file is autogenerated by $0 - do not edit */"
-echo
-echo "#include <xcb/xproto.h>"
-echo
-
-while read atom
-do
-    # 去掉首位空格
-    atom_clean=$(echo "$atom" | sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//;s/[[:space:]]$//')
-
-    # 跳过空行
-    if [[ -n "$atom_clean" ]]; then
-        echo "xcb_atom_t ${atom_clean};"
-    fi
-done < "$1"
-
-echo
-echo "typedef struct atom_item_t {"
-echo "  const char *name;"
-echo "  size_t len;"
-echo "  xcb_atom_t *atom;"
-echo "} atom_item_t;"
-echo
-echo "static atom_item_t ATOM_LIST[] = {"
-
-while read atom
-do
-    # 去掉首位空格
-    atom_clean=$(echo "$atom" | sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//;s/[[:space:]]$//')
-
-    # 跳过空行
-    if [[ -n "$atom_clean" ]]; then
-        echo "  {\"${atom_clean}\", sizeof(\"${atom_clean}\") - 1, &${atom_clean}},"
-    fi
-done < "$1"
-
-echo "};"
diff --git a/tests/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index d897565..0000000
--- a/tests/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-add_subdirectory(backend)
-add_subdirectory(config)
-add_subdirectory(core)
diff --git a/tests/backend/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/backend/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index d06f286..0000000
--- a/tests/backend/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-set(OUTPUT_UTILS_TEST_APP_NAME "zdwm-output-utils-tests")
-
-add_executable(${OUTPUT_UTILS_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/output_utils_test.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/backend/output_utils.c
-)
-
-target_include_directories(${OUTPUT_UTILS_TEST_APP_NAME} SYSTEM
-    PRIVATE ${INCLUDE_DIR}
-)
-
-target_include_directories(${OUTPUT_UTILS_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE ${SOURCE_DIR}
-    PRIVATE ${BUILD_DIR}
-)
-
-target_link_libraries(${OUTPUT_UTILS_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE m
-)
-
-add_test(NAME ${OUTPUT_UTILS_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:${OUTPUT_UTILS_TEST_APP_NAME}>
-)
diff --git a/tests/backend/output_utils_test.c b/tests/backend/output_utils_test.c
deleted file mode 100644
index bd7f971..0000000
--- a/tests/backend/output_utils_test.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
-#include "backend/output_utils.h"
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-#include "core/types.h"
-#include "utils.h"
-
-static void assert_output_geometry(
-  const output_info_t *output,
-  int32_t x,
-  int32_t y,
-  int32_t width,
-  int32_t height
-) {
-  assert(output);
-  assert(output->geometry.x == x);
-  assert(output->geometry.y == y);
-  assert(output->geometry.width == width);
-  assert(output->geometry.height == height);
-}
-
-static void destroy_detect_result(backend_detect_t *detect) {
-  assert(detect);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < detect->output_count; i++) {
-    p_delete(&detect->outputs[i].name);
-  }
-  p_delete(&detect->outputs);
-  free(detect);
-}
-
-static void test_output_remove_duplication_invalid_input(void) {
-  output_info_t output = {0};
-
-  assert(output_remove_duplication(nullptr, 0) == nullptr);
-  assert(output_remove_duplication(&output, 0) == nullptr);
-}
-
-static void test_output_remove_duplication_keeps_non_nested_outputs(void) {
-  output_info_t outputs[] = {
-    {
-      .geometry = {.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 3840, .height = 1080},
-    },
-    {
-      .geometry = {.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 1920, .height = 1080},
-    },
-    {
-      .geometry = {.x = 1920, .y = 0, .width = 1920, .height = 1080},
-    },
-    {
-      .geometry = {.x = 3840, .y = 0, .width = 1280, .height = 1024},
-    },
-  };
-
-  backend_detect_t *detect =
-    output_remove_duplication(outputs, countof(outputs));
-  assert(detect);
-  assert(detect->output_count == 2);
-  assert_output_geometry(&detect->outputs[0], 0, 0, 3840, 1080);
-  assert_output_geometry(&detect->outputs[1], 3840, 0, 1280, 1024);
-
-  destroy_detect_result(detect);
-}
-
-int main(void) {
-  test_output_remove_duplication_invalid_input();
-  test_output_remove_duplication_keeps_non_nested_outputs();
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/tests/config/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/config/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 4de20dd..0000000
--- a/tests/config/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-set(CONFIG_FIXTURE_TARGET "zdwm-config-fixture")
-set(CONFIG_FIXTURE_NO_SETUP_TARGET "zdwm-config-fixture-no-setup")
-set(CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME "zdwm-config-loader-tests")
-set(RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME "zdwm-runtime-config-tests")
-
-add_library(${CONFIG_FIXTURE_TARGET} SHARED
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fixture_valid_config.c
-)
-target_include_directories(${CONFIG_FIXTURE_TARGET}
-    PRIVATE ${INCLUDE_DIR}
-)
-
-add_library(${CONFIG_FIXTURE_NO_SETUP_TARGET} SHARED
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/fixture_without_setup.c
-)
-
-add_executable(${CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/config_loader_test.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/base/log.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/config/loader.c
-)
-target_include_directories(${CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME} SYSTEM
-    PRIVATE ${INCLUDE_DIR}
-)
-target_include_directories(${CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE ${SOURCE_DIR}
-    PRIVATE ${BUILD_DIR}
-    PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
-)
-target_link_libraries(${CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}
-)
-add_dependencies(${CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    ${CONFIG_FIXTURE_TARGET}
-    ${CONFIG_FIXTURE_NO_SETUP_TARGET}
-)
-
-add_executable(${RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/runtime_config_test.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/base/color.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/base/log.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/base/window_list.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/config/defaults.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/config/loader.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/config/runtime_config.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/action.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/binding.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/command_buffer.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/event.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/layer.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/layout.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/plan.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/policy.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/rules.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/runtime.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/state.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/window.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/layouts/fair.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/layouts/fullscreen.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/layouts/maximize.c
-)
-target_include_directories(${RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME} SYSTEM
-    PRIVATE ${INCLUDE_DIR}
-)
-target_include_directories(${RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE ${SOURCE_DIR}
-    PRIVATE ${BUILD_DIR}
-    PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
-)
-target_link_libraries(${RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE m
-    PRIVATE ${deps_xkbcommon_MODULE_NAME}
-    PRIVATE ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}
-)
-add_dependencies(${RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    ${CONFIG_FIXTURE_TARGET}
-    ${CONFIG_FIXTURE_NO_SETUP_TARGET}
-)
-
-add_test(NAME ${CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:${CONFIG_LOADER_TEST_APP_NAME}>
-            $<TARGET_FILE:${CONFIG_FIXTURE_TARGET}>
-            $<TARGET_FILE:${CONFIG_FIXTURE_NO_SETUP_TARGET}>
-)
-
-add_test(NAME ${RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME}
-    COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:${RUNTIME_CONFIG_TEST_APP_NAME}>
-            $<TARGET_FILE:${CONFIG_FIXTURE_TARGET}>
-            $<TARGET_FILE:${CONFIG_FIXTURE_NO_SETUP_TARGET}>
-)
diff --git a/tests/config/config_loader_test.c b/tests/config/config_loader_test.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 417b074..0000000
--- a/tests/config/config_loader_test.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,200 +0,0 @@
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "config/loader.h"
-#include "helpers.h"
-
-static void test_config_loader_loads_explicit_override(
-  const char *fixture_path
-) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(config_loader_load(&loader, fixture_path));
-  assert(loader.path);
-  assert(strcmp(loader.path, fixture_path) == 0);
-  assert(loader.handle);
-  assert(loader.setup);
-
-  config_loader_cleanup(&loader);
-}
-
-static void test_config_loader_override_has_priority_over_env(
-  const char *fixture_path
-) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-  assert(
-    setenv("ZDWM_CONFIG_LIB", "/tmp/definitely-missing-config.so", 1) == 0
-  );
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(config_loader_load(&loader, fixture_path));
-  assert(loader.path);
-  assert(strcmp(loader.path, fixture_path) == 0);
-  assert(loader.handle);
-  assert(loader.setup);
-
-  config_loader_cleanup(&loader);
-}
-
-static void test_config_loader_uses_zdwm_config_lib_env(
-  const char *fixture_path
-) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-  assert(setenv("ZDWM_CONFIG_LIB", fixture_path, 1) == 0);
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(config_loader_load(&loader, nullptr));
-  assert(loader.path);
-  assert(strcmp(loader.path, fixture_path) == 0);
-  assert(loader.handle);
-  assert(loader.setup);
-
-  config_loader_cleanup(&loader);
-}
-
-static void test_config_loader_uses_xdg_config_home(const char *fixture_path) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  char temp_root[PATH_MAX]   = {0};
-  char config_dir[PATH_MAX]  = {0};
-  char config_path[PATH_MAX] = {0};
-
-  config_test_make_temp_dir(
-    temp_root,
-    sizeof(temp_root),
-    "zdwm-config-loader-xdg"
-  );
-  config_test_join_path(config_dir, sizeof(config_dir), temp_root, "zdwm");
-  config_test_join_path(
-    config_path,
-    sizeof(config_path),
-    config_dir,
-    "config.so"
-  );
-  config_test_mkdir(config_dir);
-  config_test_symlink(fixture_path, config_path);
-  assert(setenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", temp_root, 1) == 0);
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(config_loader_load(&loader, nullptr));
-  assert(loader.path);
-  assert(strcmp(loader.path, config_path) == 0);
-  assert(loader.handle);
-  assert(loader.setup);
-
-  config_loader_cleanup(&loader);
-  config_test_unlink(config_path);
-  config_test_rmdir(config_dir);
-  config_test_rmdir(temp_root);
-}
-
-static void test_config_loader_uses_home_fallback(const char *fixture_path) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  char temp_root[PATH_MAX]   = {0};
-  char config_root[PATH_MAX] = {0};
-  char zdwm_dir[PATH_MAX]    = {0};
-  char config_path[PATH_MAX] = {0};
-
-  config_test_make_temp_dir(
-    temp_root,
-    sizeof(temp_root),
-    "zdwm-config-loader-home"
-  );
-  config_test_join_path(config_root, sizeof(config_root), temp_root, ".config");
-  config_test_join_path(zdwm_dir, sizeof(zdwm_dir), config_root, "zdwm");
-  config_test_join_path(
-    config_path,
-    sizeof(config_path),
-    zdwm_dir,
-    "config.so"
-  );
-  config_test_mkdir(config_root);
-  config_test_mkdir(zdwm_dir);
-  config_test_symlink(fixture_path, config_path);
-  assert(setenv("HOME", temp_root, 1) == 0);
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(config_loader_load(&loader, nullptr));
-  assert(loader.path);
-  assert(strcmp(loader.path, config_path) == 0);
-  assert(loader.handle);
-  assert(loader.setup);
-
-  config_loader_cleanup(&loader);
-  config_test_unlink(config_path);
-  config_test_rmdir(zdwm_dir);
-  config_test_rmdir(config_root);
-  config_test_rmdir(temp_root);
-}
-
-static void test_config_loader_allows_missing_implicit_library(void) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  char temp_root[PATH_MAX]     = {0};
-  char expected_path[PATH_MAX] = {0};
-
-  config_test_make_temp_dir(
-    temp_root,
-    sizeof(temp_root),
-    "zdwm-config-loader-missing"
-  );
-  config_test_join_path(
-    expected_path,
-    sizeof(expected_path),
-    temp_root,
-    "zdwm/config.so"
-  );
-  assert(setenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", temp_root, 1) == 0);
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(config_loader_load(&loader, nullptr));
-  assert(loader.path);
-  assert(strcmp(loader.path, expected_path) == 0);
-  assert(loader.handle == nullptr);
-  assert(loader.setup == nullptr);
-
-  config_loader_cleanup(&loader);
-  config_test_rmdir(temp_root);
-}
-
-static void test_config_loader_rejects_missing_explicit_library(void) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(!config_loader_load(&loader, "/tmp/definitely-missing-config.so"));
-  assert(loader.path == nullptr);
-  assert(loader.handle == nullptr);
-  assert(loader.setup == nullptr);
-}
-
-static void test_config_loader_rejects_library_without_setup(
-  const char *fixture_path
-) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  config_loader_t loader = {0};
-  assert(!config_loader_load(&loader, fixture_path));
-  assert(loader.path == nullptr);
-  assert(loader.handle == nullptr);
-  assert(loader.setup == nullptr);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  assert(argc == 3);
-
-  test_config_loader_loads_explicit_override(argv[1]);
-  test_config_loader_override_has_priority_over_env(argv[1]);
-  test_config_loader_uses_zdwm_config_lib_env(argv[1]);
-  test_config_loader_uses_xdg_config_home(argv[1]);
-  test_config_loader_uses_home_fallback(argv[1]);
-  test_config_loader_allows_missing_implicit_library();
-  test_config_loader_rejects_missing_explicit_library();
-  test_config_loader_rejects_library_without_setup(argv[2]);
-
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/tests/config/fixture_valid_config.c b/tests/config/fixture_valid_config.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 4768839..0000000
--- a/tests/config/fixture_valid_config.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-#include <zdwm/config.h>
-
-static bool
-fixture_layout(const zdwm_layout_ctx_t *ctx, zdwm_layout_result_t *out) {
-  if (!ctx || !out) return false;
-
-  zdwm_layout_result_reset(out);
-  if (!ctx->window_ids || ctx->window_count == 0) return true;
-
-  zdwm_layout_result_push(
-    out,
-    (zdwm_layout_item_t){
-      .window_id = ctx->window_ids[0],
-      .rect      = ctx->workarea,
-    }
-  );
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool setup(
-  const zdwm_api_t *api,
-  zdwm_config_builder_t *builder,
-  const zdwm_output_info_t *outputs,
-  size_t output_count
-) {
-  if (!api || !builder || !outputs || output_count == 0) return false;
-
-  zdwm_layout_id_t layout_id = api->register_layout(
-    builder,
-    "test-only",
-    "[T]",
-    "fixture layout",
-    fixture_layout
-  );
-  if (layout_id == ZDWM_LAYOUT_ID_INVALID) return false;
-
-  return api->define_workspace(
-           builder,
-           0,
-           "from-so",
-           &layout_id,
-           1,
-           layout_id
-         ) != ZDWM_WORKSPACE_ID_INVALID;
-}
diff --git a/tests/config/fixture_without_setup.c b/tests/config/fixture_without_setup.c
deleted file mode 100644
index e355136..0000000
--- a/tests/config/fixture_without_setup.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-int zdwm_config_fixture_without_setup_symbol(void) { return 1; }
diff --git a/tests/config/helpers.h b/tests/config/helpers.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 171b6e4..0000000
--- a/tests/config/helpers.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-static inline void config_test_clear_env(void) {
-  assert(unsetenv("ZDWM_CONFIG_LIB") == 0);
-  assert(unsetenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME") == 0);
-  assert(unsetenv("HOME") == 0);
-}
-
-static inline void
-config_test_make_temp_dir(char *path, size_t path_size, const char *prefix) {
-  int len = snprintf(path, path_size, "/tmp/%s-XXXXXX", prefix);
-  assert(len > 0);
-  assert((size_t)len < path_size);
-  assert(mkdtemp(path) == path);
-}
-
-static inline void config_test_join_path(
-  char *out,
-  size_t out_size,
-  const char *base,
-  const char *suffix
-) {
-  int len = snprintf(out, out_size, "%s/%s", base, suffix);
-  assert(len > 0);
-  assert((size_t)len < out_size);
-}
-
-static inline void config_test_mkdir(const char *path) {
-  assert(mkdir(path, 0700) == 0);
-}
-
-static inline void config_test_symlink(const char *target, const char *path) {
-  assert(symlink(target, path) == 0);
-}
-
-static inline void config_test_unlink(const char *path) {
-  assert(unlink(path) == 0);
-}
-
-static inline void config_test_rmdir(const char *path) {
-  assert(rmdir(path) == 0);
-}
diff --git a/tests/config/runtime_config_test.c b/tests/config/runtime_config_test.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f53c33..0000000
--- a/tests/config/runtime_config_test.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,236 +0,0 @@
-#include "config/runtime_config.h"
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <limits.h>
-#include <stddef.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "core/layout.h"
-#include "core/runtime.h"
-#include "helpers.h"
-
-struct backend_t {
-  int unused;
-};
-
-void backend_destroy(backend_t *backend) { free(backend); }
-
-bool backend_next_event(backend_t *backend, event_t *event) {
-  (void)backend;
-  (void)event;
-  return false;
-}
-
-bool backend_apply_effect(
-  backend_t *backend,
-  const effect_t *effects,
-  size_t effect_count
-) {
-  return false;
-}
-
-static backend_t *test_backend_create(void) {
-  return calloc(1, sizeof(backend_t));
-}
-
-static void assert_default_layouts(const runtime_init_desc_t *desc) {
-  assert(desc);
-  assert(layout_registry_count(&desc->layouts) == 4);
-
-  const layout_slot_t *fair       = layout_registry_at(&desc->layouts, 0);
-  const layout_slot_t *maximize   = layout_registry_at(&desc->layouts, 1);
-  const layout_slot_t *fullscreen = layout_registry_at(&desc->layouts, 2);
-  const layout_slot_t *floating   = layout_registry_at(&desc->layouts, 3);
-
-  assert(fair);
-  assert(maximize);
-  assert(fullscreen);
-  assert(floating);
-  assert(strcmp(fair->name, "fair") == 0);
-  assert(strcmp(maximize->name, "maximize") == 0);
-  assert(strcmp(fullscreen->name, "fullscreen") == 0);
-  assert(strcmp(floating->name, "floating") == 0);
-}
-
-static void test_runtime_config_loads_user_library(const char *fixture_path) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  output_info_t outputs[] = {
-    {
-      .name     = "HDMI-A-1",
-      .geometry = {.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 1920, .height = 1080},
-    },
-  };
-
-  runtime_init_desc_t desc = {
-    .outputs      = outputs,
-    .output_count = 1,
-  };
-  assert(runtime_config_load(fixture_path, &desc));
-  assert(desc.config_module_handle != nullptr);
-  assert(layout_registry_count(&desc.layouts) == 1);
-  assert(desc.workspace_count == 1);
-  assert(strcmp(desc.workspaces[0].name, "from-so") == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspaces[0].output_index == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspaces[0].layout_count == 1);
-  assert(desc.workspaces[0].initial_layout_id == 0);
-
-  const layout_slot_t *layout = layout_registry_at(&desc.layouts, 0);
-  assert(layout);
-  assert(strcmp(layout->name, "test-only") == 0);
-  assert(strcmp(layout->symbol, "[T]") == 0);
-
-  runtime_config_cleanup(&desc);
-}
-
-static void test_runtime_config_keeps_module_loaded_after_runtime_init(
-  const char *fixture_path
-) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  output_info_t outputs[] = {
-    {
-      .name     = "HDMI-A-1",
-      .geometry = {.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 1920, .height = 1080},
-    },
-  };
-  window_id_t window_ids[] = {42};
-
-  runtime_init_desc_t desc = {
-    .backend      = test_backend_create(),
-    .outputs      = outputs,
-    .output_count = 1,
-  };
-  assert(desc.backend);
-  assert(runtime_config_load(fixture_path, &desc));
-
-  runtime_t runtime = {0};
-  assert(runtime_init(&runtime, &desc));
-  assert(desc.config_module_handle == nullptr);
-  runtime_init_desc_cleanup(&desc);
-
-  assert(runtime.config_module_handle != nullptr);
-
-  layout_fn layout = layout_get(&runtime.layouts, 0);
-  assert(layout != nullptr);
-
-  layout_result_t result = {0};
-
-  layout_ctx_t ctx = {
-    .workspace_id      = 0,
-    .focused_window_id = window_ids[0],
-    .workarea          = {.x = 11, .y = 22, .width = 333, .height = 444},
-    .window_ids        = window_ids,
-    .window_count      = 1,
-  };
-  assert(layout(&ctx, &result));
-  assert(result.item_count == 1);
-  assert(result.items[0].window_id == window_ids[0]);
-  assert(result.items[0].rect.x == ctx.workarea.x);
-  assert(result.items[0].rect.y == ctx.workarea.y);
-  assert(result.items[0].rect.width == ctx.workarea.width);
-  assert(result.items[0].rect.height == ctx.workarea.height);
-
-  layout_result_cleanup(&result);
-  runtime_shutdown(&runtime);
-  assert(runtime.config_module_handle == nullptr);
-}
-
-static void
-test_runtime_config_falls_back_to_defaults_when_implicit_library_is_missing(
-  void
-) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  output_info_t outputs[] = {
-    {
-      .name     = "eDP-1",
-      .geometry = {.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 1920, .height = 1080},
-    },
-    {
-      .name     = "DP-1",
-      .geometry = {.x = 1920, .y = 0, .width = 2560, .height = 1440},
-    },
-  };
-
-  char temp_root[PATH_MAX] = {0};
-  config_test_make_temp_dir(
-    temp_root,
-    sizeof(temp_root),
-    "zdwm-runtime-config-missing"
-  );
-  assert(setenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME", temp_root, 1) == 0);
-
-  runtime_init_desc_t desc = {
-    .outputs      = outputs,
-    .output_count = 2,
-  };
-  assert(runtime_config_load(nullptr, &desc));
-  assert(desc.config_module_handle == nullptr);
-  assert_default_layouts(&desc);
-  assert(desc.workspace_count == 2);
-  assert(strcmp(desc.workspaces[0].name, "main") == 0);
-  assert(strcmp(desc.workspaces[1].name, "main") == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspaces[0].output_index == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspaces[1].output_index == 1);
-
-  runtime_config_cleanup(&desc);
-  config_test_rmdir(temp_root);
-}
-
-static void test_runtime_config_rejects_missing_explicit_library(void) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  output_info_t outputs[] = {
-    {
-      .name     = "HDMI-A-1",
-      .geometry = {.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 1920, .height = 1080},
-    },
-  };
-
-  runtime_init_desc_t desc = {
-    .outputs      = outputs,
-    .output_count = 1,
-  };
-  assert(!runtime_config_load("/tmp/definitely-missing-config.so", &desc));
-  assert(layout_registry_count(&desc.layouts) == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspace_count == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspaces == nullptr);
-  assert(desc.config_module_handle == nullptr);
-}
-
-static void test_runtime_config_rejects_library_without_setup(
-  const char *fixture_path
-) {
-  config_test_clear_env();
-
-  output_info_t outputs[] = {
-    {
-      .name     = "HDMI-A-1",
-      .geometry = {.x = 0, .y = 0, .width = 1920, .height = 1080},
-    },
-  };
-
-  runtime_init_desc_t desc = {
-    .outputs      = outputs,
-    .output_count = 1,
-  };
-  assert(!runtime_config_load(fixture_path, &desc));
-  assert(layout_registry_count(&desc.layouts) == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspace_count == 0);
-  assert(desc.workspaces == nullptr);
-  assert(desc.config_module_handle == nullptr);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  assert(argc == 3);
-
-  test_runtime_config_loads_user_library(argv[1]);
-  test_runtime_config_keeps_module_loaded_after_runtime_init(argv[1]);
-  test_runtime_config_falls_back_to_defaults_when_implicit_library_is_missing();
-  test_runtime_config_rejects_missing_explicit_library();
-  test_runtime_config_rejects_library_without_setup(argv[2]);
-
-  return 0;
-}
diff --git a/tests/core/CMakeLists.txt b/tests/core/CMakeLists.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 89a6cec..0000000
--- a/tests/core/CMakeLists.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-set(TEST_APP_NAME "zdwm-tests")
-
-add_executable(${TEST_APP_NAME}
-    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/main.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/base/color.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/base/log.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/base/window_list.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/backend/output_utils.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/config/defaults.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/config/loader.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/config/runtime_config.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/backend/x11/backend.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/backend/x11/event.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/backend/x11/window.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/action.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/binding.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/command_buffer.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/event.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/layer.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/layout.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/plan.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/policy.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/rules.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/runtime.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/state.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/core/window.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/layouts/fair.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/layouts/fullscreen.c
-    ${SOURCE_DIR}/layouts/maximize.c
-)
-
-target_include_directories(${TEST_APP_NAME} SYSTEM
-    PRIVATE ${deps_INCLUDE_DIRS}
-    PRIVATE ${INCLUDE_DIR}
-)
-target_include_directories(${TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE ${SOURCE_DIR}
-    PRIVATE ${BUILD_DIR}
-)
-
-target_link_libraries(${TEST_APP_NAME}
-    PRIVATE m
-    PRIVATE ${CMAKE_DL_LIBS}
-    PRIVATE ${deps_LIBRARIES}
-)
-
-if(HAS_EXECINFO AND LIB_EXECINFO)
-    target_link_libraries(${TEST_APP_NAME} PRIVATE ${LIB_EXECINFO})
-endif()
-
-add_test(NAME ${TEST_APP_NAME} COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:${TEST_APP_NAME}>)
-
-set_tests_properties(${TEST_APP_NAME} PROPERTIES
-    ENVIRONMENT "DISPLAY=:3"
-)
diff --git a/tests/core/main.c b/tests/core/main.c
deleted file mode 100644
index d652f52..0000000
--- a/tests/core/main.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include "base/log.h"
-#include "config/runtime_config.h"
-#include "core/backend.h"
-#include "core/runtime.h"
-
-static void bootstrap(runtime_t *runtime) {
-  backend_t *backend       = backend_create(nullptr);
-  backend_detect_t *detect = backend_detect(backend);
-
-  if (!backend || !detect || detect->output_count == 0) {
-    fatal("backend detect failed");
-  }
-
-  runtime_init_desc_t desc = {
-    .backend      = backend,
-    .outputs      = detect->outputs,
-    .output_count = detect->output_count,
-  };
-  if (!runtime_config_load(nullptr, &desc)) {
-    fatal("failed to build runtime inputs");
-  }
-
-  backend = nullptr;
-
-  bool inited = runtime_init(runtime, &desc);
-
-  runtime_init_desc_cleanup(&desc);
-  backend_detect_destroy(detect);
-
-  if (!inited) {
-    fatal("zdwm runtime init failed");
-  }
-};
-
-char **cmd_argv = nullptr;
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
-  cmd_argv = argv;
-
-  runtime_t runtime = {0};
-
-  bootstrap(&runtime);
-  runtime_setup(&runtime);
-  runtime_run(&runtime);
-  runtime_shutdown(&runtime);
-
-  if (runtime.will_restart) {
-    execvp(cmd_argv[0], cmd_argv);
-    fatal("execv() failed: %s", strerror(errno));
-  }
-
-  return 0;
-}