diff --git a/src/core/layer.c b/src/core/layer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56f706e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/core/layer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#include "core/layer.h"
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#include "base/array.h"
+#include "base/memory.h"
+#include "core/types.h"
+
+void layer_stack_cleanup(layer_stack_t *layer) {
+  p_delete(&layer->order);
+  layer->count = 0;
+  layer->capacity = 0;
+}
+
+void layer_stack_append(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window) {
+  window_id_t *win_ptr =
+    array_push(layer->order, layer->count, layer->capacity);
+  *win_ptr = window;
+}
+
+bool layer_stack_remove(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window) {
+  bool found = false;
+  size_t index = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < layer->count; ++i) {
+    if (layer->order[i] != window) continue;
+
+    found = true;
+    index = i;
+    break;
+  }
+
+  if (found) {
+    for (size_t i = index; i < layer->count - 1; ++i) {
+      layer->order[i] = layer->order[i + 1];
+    }
+    layer->count--;
+  }
+
+  return found;
+}
+
+bool layer_stack_raise(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window) {
+  bool found = false;
+  size_t index = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < layer->count; ++i) {
+    if (layer->order[i] != window) continue;
+
+    found = true;
+    index = i;
+    break;
+  }
+
+  if (!found) return false;
+
+  bool need_change = index != layer->count - 1;
+  if (!need_change) return false;
+
+  for (size_t i = index; i < layer->count - 1; ++i) {
+    layer->order[i] = layer->order[i + 1];
+  }
+  layer->order[layer->count - 1] = window;
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool layer_stack_lower(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window) {
+  bool found = false;
+  size_t index = 0;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < layer->count; ++i) {
+    if (layer->order[i] != window) continue;
+
+    found = true;
+    index = i;
+    break;
+  }
+
+  if (!found) return false;
+
+  bool need_change = index != 0;
+  if (!need_change) return false;
+
+  for (size_t i = index; i > 0; --i) {
+    layer->order[i] = layer->order[i - 1];
+  }
+  layer->order[0] = window;
+
+  return true;
+}
diff --git a/src/core/layer.h b/src/core/layer.h
index 22b4341..9a6fffe 100644
--- a/src/core/layer.h
+++ b/src/core/layer.h
@@ -20,11 +20,41 @@ typedef struct layer_stack_t {
   size_t capacity;
 } layer_stack_t;
 
-void layer_stack_init(layer_stack_t *layer);
-void layer_stack_reset(layer_stack_t *layer);
+/**
+ * @brief 释放层栈内部资源并重置为空状态。
+ * @param layer 目标层栈。
+ */
+void layer_stack_cleanup(layer_stack_t *layer);
+
+/**
+ * @brief 在该层栈顶部追加一个窗口。
+ * @param layer 目标层栈。
+ * @param window 待追加的窗口 ID。
+ */
 void layer_stack_append(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window);
-void layer_stack_remove(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window);
-void layer_stack_raise(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window);
-void layer_stack_lower(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window);
+
+/**
+ * @brief 删除指定窗口。
+ * @param layer 目标层栈。
+ * @param window 待删除的窗口 ID。
+ * @return 找到并删除窗口时返回 true，否则返回 false。
+ */
+bool layer_stack_remove(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window);
+
+/**
+ * @brief 将指定窗口提升到该层栈顶。
+ * @param layer 目标层栈。
+ * @param window 待提升的窗口 ID。
+ * @return 仅在窗口存在且顺序发生变化时返回 true，否则返回 false。
+ */
+bool layer_stack_raise(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window);
+
+/**
+ * @brief 将指定窗口下沉到该层栈底。
+ * @param layer 目标层栈。
+ * @param window 待下沉的窗口 ID。
+ * @return 仅在窗口存在且顺序发生变化时返回 true，否则返回 false。
+ */
+bool layer_stack_lower(layer_stack_t *layer, window_id_t window);
 
 layer_type_t layer_classify(const window_props_t *props);